世居高原藏族急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的冠状动脉病变特点和短期预后分析Coronary artery lesion characteristics and short-term prognosis analysis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in native Tibetans
央金,格桑罗布,古桑拉姆,格桑嘎瓦,伍满燕
摘要(Abstract):
目的通过比较高原地区世居藏族和移居汉族急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI患者的危险因素、冠状动脉病变特点和短期预后结果,旨在为高原STEMI的防治提供临床依据。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年8月西藏自治区人民医院收治的STEMI患者177例,通过查阅病历如实记录患者社会人口学、危险因素、发病情况、实验室结果、住院治疗情况和住院不良事件结局等,并由两名心血管介入医师独立判读冠状动脉造影(CAG)图像,比较两组患者的危险因素、冠状动脉病变特点和短期预后。结果共纳入世居藏族STEMI患者112例(世居藏族组)、移居汉族STEMI患者65例(移居汉族组);世居藏族组的平均年龄为(59.5±12.2)岁,显著大于同时期的移居汉族组[(47.9±11.3)岁,P<0.001],均以男性为主(分别占91.1%和90.8%)。世居藏族组合并高血压病比例(56.3%比29.2%)、GRACE评分[116.5(92.0,142.5)分比99.0(79.0,128.0)分]、CRUSADE评分[25.0(19.0,35.0)分比21.0(15.0,28.0)分]更高(均P<0.05),血红蛋白水平[(169.7±24.2)g/L比(182.5±24.7)g/L,P<0.05]更低。两组患者冠状动脉病变特征、严重程度、血运重建治疗比例和短期预后比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论与移居汉族STEMI患者相比,世居藏族STEMI患者的年龄更大,且入院时缺血和出血危险分层更高,但在冠状动脉病变特点和血运重建治疗相似的情况下,短期预后无明显差异。
关键词(KeyWords): 高原;心肌梗死;危险因素;预后
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 央金,格桑罗布,古桑拉姆,格桑嘎瓦,伍满燕
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