经导管膜周部室间隔缺损介入治疗并发症及危险因素分析Complications and risk factors of transcatheter occlusion of perimembranous ventricular septal defects
韩咏,李俊杰,王树水,张智伟,钱明阳,谢育梅
摘要(Abstract):
目的探讨经导管膜周部室间隔缺损(PMVSD)介入治疗并发症及影响早期并发症的危险因素。方法收集2011年1月至2016年12月在广东省人民医院接受介入治疗的PMVSD患者临床资料,统计早期和晚期并发症类型及发生率。将患者分为有、无早期并发症组,有、无心律失常组,有、无主动脉瓣反流组,有、无三尖瓣反流组,采用logistic多因素回归分析与各组并发症有关的危险因素。结果在完成室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术的1288例中,出现各类早期并发症148例,总发生率为11.5%。按并发症种类统计,心律失常85例(6.6%),主动脉瓣反流(AR) 20例(1.6%),三尖瓣反流(TR)36例(2.8%),其他并发症7例(0.5%)。按并发症程度统计,严重并发症31例(2.4%),轻微并发症117例(9.1%),包括右束支传导阻滞64例(5.0%)、轻度AR 19例(1.5%)、轻度TR 34例(2.6%),均无需特殊处理。logistic多因素回归分析显示:手术时间(OR 1.025,95%CI 1.012~1.038,P<0.001)、封堵器直径(OR 1.225,95%CI 1.102~1.361,P<0.001)、年龄(OR 0.532,95%CI 0.356~0.793,P=0.002)是封堵术后早期并发症发生的危险因素;封堵器直径(OR 1.224,95%CI 1.068~1.404,P=0.004)和合并肺动脉高压(OR 0.183,95%CI 0.074~0.456,P<0.001)是术后心律失常发生的危险因素;手术时间(OR1.041,95%CI 1.022~1.060,P<0.001)和VSD直径(OR 1.436,95%CI 1.192~1.730,P<0.001)为术后TR发生的危险因素;手术时间(OR 1.042,95%CI 1.005~1.081,P=0.025)是术后AR发生的危险因素。结论 PMVSD介入治疗并发症主要以轻微并发症为主;年龄小、手术时间过长、VSD直径过大以及使用直径较大封堵器与多种并发症的发生密切相关,严格把握适应证和规范操作可降低早期并发症的发生;晚期并发症的情况需进行长期严格的随访。
关键词(KeyWords): 膜周部室间隔缺损;心脏导管插入术;并发症;危险因素
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1100300)
作者(Author): 韩咏,李俊杰,王树水,张智伟,钱明阳,谢育梅
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