不同方法定位穿刺腋静脉植入起搏电极的临床研究Different kinds of approaches to percutaneous venipuncture to axillary vein for implanting permanent pacemaker electrodes
蒋金法,刘如辉,徐文俊,许嘉鸿,宋浩明
摘要(Abstract):
目的探讨3种不同定位方法穿刺腋静脉植入起搏电极的临床价值和安全性。方法根据随机表将患者分入体表解剖定位组(30例)、透视下骨性标志定位组(30例)、对比剂定位组(30例)以及锁骨下静脉组(对照组,30例),其中体表解剖定位组、透视下骨性标志定位组和对比剂定位组统称为腋静脉穿刺组。穿刺成功后按照常规方法植入各种起搏器和电极。观察4组不同穿刺方法的穿刺次数、所用时间、成功率及并发症发生情况。结果 120例患者均成功植入各种起搏器和电极。穿刺腋静脉各组与对照组比较,总穿刺成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对比剂定位组穿刺腋静脉成功率100%,但需要对比剂和准备时间;其次为透视下骨性标志定位组成功率93.3%;经体表解剖定位组和经锁骨下静脉穿刺组的穿刺成功率均为86.7%。腋静脉穿刺组穿刺次数中位数少于锁骨下静脉穿刺组(3比4,P<0.05);观察组穿刺平均耗时短于对照组[(3.9±1.3)min比(4.6±2.1)min,P<0.05]。对于心脏再同步化治疗,经腋静脉穿刺平均手术时间少于对照组(126.0±12.0)min比(146.0±16.0)min,P<0.05]。腋静脉穿刺组90例患者中共3例(3.3%,3/90)出现并发症,锁骨下静脉穿刺组30例患者中共5例(16.7%,5/30)发生并发症,两组并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 3种不同的定位方法穿刺腋静脉植入起搏电极均有很好的临床疗效和安全性,总体优于经锁骨下静脉穿刺术。
关键词(KeyWords): 定位;穿刺;腋静脉;起搏电极
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 蒋金法,刘如辉,徐文俊,许嘉鸿,宋浩明
参考文献(References):
- [1]张琪,姜萌,金艳,等.678例双腔起搏器安置术中导线入路的回顾性研究.中国心脏起搏与电生理杂志,2010,24:307-309.
- [2]张立冬,刘洪,宋振国,等.永存左上腔成功置入心脏再同步化治疗除颤器一例.中国介入心脏病学杂志,2014,22:471-472.
- [3]王禹川,丁燕生,周菁,等.经永存左上腔静脉植入起搏电极体会.中国介入心脏病学杂志,2013,21:319-321
- [4]Magney JE,Flynn DM,Parsons JA,et al.Anatomical mechanisms explaining damage to pacemaker leads,defibrillator leads,and failure of central venous catheters adjacent to the sternoclavicular joint.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,1993,16(3 Pt1):445-457.
- [5]Nickalls RW.A new percutaneous infraclavicular approach to the axillary vein.Anaesthesia,1987,42:151-154
- [6]Wilson D,Harding S.Predictors of more cranial or caudal axillary vein location to facilitate blind venous cannulation.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2012,35:770-772
- [7]Hsu JC,Friday J,Lee BK,et al.Predictors of axillary vein location for vascular access during pacemaker and defibrillator lead implantation.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2011,34:1585-1592
- [8]Belott P.How to access the axillary vein.Heart Rhythm,2006,3:366-369.