20例支架外侧球囊扩张挽救冠状动脉分支疗效和安全性观察Clinical efficacy and safety of the balloon dilation outside the main branch stent to reopen the occlusion of side branch in bifurcation lesions
李成祥,王琼,高好考,王海昌
摘要(Abstract):
目的评价主支支架外侧球囊扩张技术,便于导丝重新进入已闭塞的分支,进而挽救分支血管的安全性及疗效。方法 20例冠心病患者共20个真性分叉病变,分叉病变中位于左主干/前降支3例(占15%),前降支/第一对角支9例(占45%),回旋支/钝缘支3例(占15%),右冠状动脉/后降支或后侧支5例(占25%)。所有分叉病变分支预留挤压(jailed)导丝,主支病变置入支架后,分支闭塞,TIMI血流分级0~1级,导丝无法重新找到分支入口,此时在主支支架外侧采用1.25mm小球囊通过分支Jailed导丝,于主支支架外低压力扩张分支开口,然后导丝再次穿过主支支架网眼进入分支真正开口,最后完成主支与分支球囊对吻,纠正主支支架变形。本研究观察手术成功率、并发症和近期随访结果。结果 20例支架外侧球囊扩张技术挽救分支病例中,主支支架术置入18例(支架28枚),主支/分支双支架置入2例。主支靶血管术前平均狭窄(直径法)为(90±10.5)%,术后为(10±1.5)%,其中术前为0~2级TIMI血流均恢复到3级。分支血管术前平均狭窄(直径法)为(63±14.3)%,术后为(42.5±13.5)%,TIMI血流均为3级。2例术后心绞痛,1例心肌酶学增高,无分支发生夹层,无急性心肌梗死等严重并发症。术后临床随访12~18个月,无死亡及心肌梗死等心脏不良事件发生。结论利用支架外侧球囊扩张技术可以较容易找到分支真正开口,实现处理分叉病变所需要的交换导丝及球囊对吻,缩短了手术时间,提高手术的安全性,其成功率高,并发症少,近期疗效满意。
关键词(KeyWords): 冠状动脉疾病;血管成形术,气囊;治疗结果
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(81100234)
作者(Author): 李成祥,王琼,高好考,王海昌
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