心脏再同步化治疗的参数程控与优化
胡宇才,白融
摘要(Abstract):
<正>自1983年De Teresa首次提出双心室同步起搏的概念以来,心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT)作为治疗慢性中、重度心力衰竭(心衰)的有效方法,已经列入2013年欧洲心脏病协会(ESC)心脏起搏和心脏再同步化治疗指南[1]ⅠA类推荐。多项研究均证实,CRT可改善患者的临床症状及生活质量,逆转左心室重构,降低心衰患
关键词(KeyWords): 心脏再同步化治疗;参数程控;优化
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 胡宇才,白融
参考文献(References):
- [1]Brignole M,Auricchio A,Baron Esquivias G,et al.2013ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy:the Task Force on cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology(ESC).Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association(EHRA).Eur Heart J,2013;34:2281-2329.
- [2]Abraham WT,Fisher WG,Smith AL,et al.Cardiac resynchronization in chronic heart failure.N Engl J Med,2002,346:1845-1853.
- [3]Cazeau S,Leclercq C,Lavergne T,et al.Effects of multi-site biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay.N Engl J Med,2001,344:873-880.
- [4]Cleland JG,Daubert JC,Erdmann E,et al.The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure.N Engl J Med,2005,352:1539-1549.
- [5]Linde C,Abraham WT,Gold MR,et al.Randomized trial of cardiac resynchronization in mildly symptomatic heart failure patients and in asymptomatic patients with left ventricular dysfunction and previous heart failure symptoms.J Am Coll Cardiol,2008,52:1834-1843.
- [6]Moss AJ,Hall WJ,Cannom DS,et al.Cardiac resynchronization therapy for the prevention of heart failure events.N Engl J Med,2009,361:1329-1338.
- [7]Pastromas S,Manolis AS.Cardiac resynchronization therapy:Dire need for targeted left ventricular lead placement and optimal device programming.World J Cardiol,2014,12:1270-1277.
- [8]Gras D,Gupta MS,Boulogne E,et al.Optimization of AV and VV delays in the real-world CRT patient population:an international survey on current clinical practice.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2009,32:S236-239.
- [9]Gasparini M,Steinberg JS,Arshad A,et al.Resumption of sinus rhythm in patients with heart failure and permanent atrial fibrillation undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy:a longitudinal observational study.Eur Heart J,2010,31:976-983.
- [10]Thébault C,Donal E,Meunier C,et al.Sites of left and right ventricular lead implantation and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy observations from the REVERSE trial.Eur Heart J,2012,33:2662-2671.
- [11]Khan FZ,Salahshouri P,Duehmke R,et al.The impact of the right ventricular leadposition on response to cardiac resynchronization therapy.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2011,34:467-474.
- [12]Duggirala S,Lee BK.Optimizing cardiac resynchronization therapy for congestive heart failure.Curr Probl Cardiol,2013,38:215-237.
- [13]Ritter P,Padeletti L,Gillio-Meinal L,et al.Determination of the optimal atrioventricular delay in DDD pacing.Comparison between echo and peak endocardial acceleration measurements.Europace,1999,1:126.
- [14]Boriani G,Müller CP,Seidl KH,et al.Randomized comparison of simultaneous biventricular stimulation versus optimized interventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy.The Resynchronization for the Hemod Ynamic Treatment for Heart Failure Management II implantable cardioverter defibrillator(RHYTHM II ICD)study.Am Heart J,2006,151:1050-1058.
- [15]Barold SS,IIercil A,Herweg B.Echocardiographic optimization of the atrioventricular and interventricular intervals during cardiac resynchronization.Europace,2008,10:iii88-95.
- [16]Jansen AH,Bracke FA,van Dantzig JM,et al.Correlation of echo-Doppler optimization of atrioventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy with invasive hemodynamics in patients with heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.Am J Cardiol,2006,97:552-557.
- [17]Morales MA,Startari U,Panchetti L,et al.Atrioventricular delay optimization by doppler-derived left ventricular d P/d T improves 6-month outcome of resynchronized patients.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2006,29:564-568.
- [18]Porciani MC,Rao CM,Mochi M,et al.A real-time threedimensional echocardiographic validation of an intracardiac electrogram based method for optimizing cardiac resynchronization therapy.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol,2008,31:56-63.
- [19]Hardt SE,Yazdi SH,Bauer A,et al.Immediate and chronic effects of AV delay optimization in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy.Int J Cardiol,2007,115:318-325.
- [20]Jones S,Shun-Shin MJ,Cole GD,et al.Applicability of the iterative technique for cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization:full-disclosure,50-sequential-patient dataset of transmitral Doppler traces,with implications for future research design and guidelines.Europace,2014,16:541-550.
- [21]Gold MR,Niazi I,Giudici M,et al.A prospective comparison of AV delay programming methods for hemodynamic optimization during cardiac resynchronization therapy.J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol,2007,18:490-496.
- [22]Ellenbogen KA,Gold MR,Meyer TE,et al.Primary results from the Smart Delay determined AV optimization:a comparison to other AV delay methods used incardiac resynchronization therapy(SMART-AV)trial:a randomized trial comparing empirical,echocardiography-guided,and algorithmic atrioventricular delay programming in cardiac resynchronization therapy.Circulation,2010,122:2660-2668.
- [23]Bogaard MD,Doevendans PA,Leenders GE,et al.Can optimization of pacing settings compensate for a non-optimal left ventricular pacingsite?Europace,2010,12:1262-1269.
- [24]Jansen AH,Bracke FA,van Dantzig JM,et al.Correlation of echo-Doppler optimization of atrioventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy with invasive hemodynamics in patients with heart failure secondary to ischemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.Am J Cardiol,2006,97:552-557.
- [25]Sakamaki F,Seo Y,Atsumi A,et al.Novel dyssynchrony evaluation by M-mode imaging in left bundle branch block and the application to predict responses for cardiac resynchronization therapy.J Cardiol,2014,64:199-206.
- [26]Gorcsan J 3rd,Abraham T,Agler DA,et al.Echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy;recommendations for performance and reporting-a report from the American Society of Echocardiography Dyssynchrony Writing Group endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society.J Am Soc Echocardiogr,2008,21:191-213.
- [27]Dornberger V,Dittrich HD,Busch R.Echocardiographic evaluation of systolic left ventricular function in heart failure:Value of alternative parameters for determination of ejection fraction.Herz,2015,40:185-193.
- [28]Sogaard P,Egeblad H,Pedersen AK,et al.Sequential versus simultaneous biventricular resynchronization for severe heart failure:evaluation by tissue Doppler imaging.Circulation,2002,106:2078-2084.
- [29]Zuber M,Toggweiler S,Roos M,et al.Comparison of different approaches for optimization of atrioventricular and interventricular delay in biventricular pacing.Europace,2008,10:367-373.
- [30]Lim SH,Lip GY,Sanderson JE.Ventricular optimization of biventricular pacing:a systematic review.Europace,2008,10:901-906.
- [31]Rao RK,Kumar UN,Schafer J,et al.Reduced ventricular volumes and improved systolic function with cardiac resynchronization therapy.Circulation,2007,16:2136-2144.
- [32]Boriani G,Müller CP,Seidl KH,et al.Randomized comparison of simultaneous biventricular stimulation versus optimized interventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy.The Resynchronization for the Hemod Ynamic Treatment for Heart Failure Management II implantable cardioverter defibrillator(RHYTHM IIICD)study.Am Heart J,2006,151:1050-1058.
- [33]Ellenbogen KA,Gold MR,Meyer TE,et al.Primary results from the Smart Delay determined AVoptimization:a comparison to other AV delay methods used in cardiac resynchronization therapy(SMART-AV)trial:a randomized trial comparing empirical,echocardiography-guided,and algorithmic atrioventricular delay programming in cardiac resynchronization therapy.Circulation,2010,122:2660-2668.
- [34]Abraham WT,Gras D,Yu CM,et al.Rationale and design of a randomized clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of frequent optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy:the Frequent Optimization Study Using the Quick Opt Method(FREEDOM)trial.Am Heart J,2010,159:944-948.
- [35]Birnie D,Lemke B,Aonuma K,et al.Clinical outcomes with synchronized left ventricular pacing:analysis of the adaptive CRT trial.Heart Rhythm,2013,10:1368-1374.
- [36]Ritter P,Delnoy PP,Padeletti L,et al.A randomized pilot study of optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy in sinus rhythm patients using a peak endocardial acceleration sensor vs.standard methods.Europace,2012,14:1324-1333.