谋定后动——新近高血压重要研究中的启示
张宇清,苗欢欢,杨世杰,周展扬
摘要(Abstract):
<正>近一年以来,高血压领域有多项重要的研究的结果在国际会议和期刊上发表,在国内外学术界引起热烈的讨论。这些研究涉及全球约14亿~([1])和中国2.45亿~([2])高血压患者血压管理方面的重大问题,非常值得对这些研究抽丝剥茧,去伪存真,取长补短。
关键词(KeyWords): 高血压;流行病学;生活方式;降压药
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张宇清,苗欢欢,杨世杰,周展扬
参考文献(References):
- [1] Mills KT, Bundy JD, Kelly TN, et al. Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control:a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries[J]. Circulation,2016,134(6):441-450.
- [2] Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhang L, et al. Status of hypertension in China:results from the China hypertension survey, 2012-2015[J].Circulation,2018,137(22):2344-2356.
- [3] NCD Risk Factor Collaboration(NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019:a pooled analysis of 1201 populationrepresentative studies with 104 million participants[J]. Lancet,2021,398(10304):957-980.
- [4] Barone Gibbs B, Hivert MF, Jerome GJ, et al. Physical activity as a critical component of fi rst-line treatment for elevated blood pressure or cholesterol:Who, What, and How?:A Scientifi c Statement From the American Heart Association[J].Hypertension,2021,78(2):e26-e37.
- [5] Pelliccia A, Sharma S, Gati S, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease[J]. Eur Heart J,2021,42(1):17-96.
- [6] Hall ME, Cohen JB, Ard JD, et al. Weight-Loss Strategies for prevention and treatment of hypertension:a scientifi c statement from the American Heart Association[J]. Hypertension,2021,78(5):e38-e50.
- [7] Neal B, Wu Yf, Feng Xx, et al. Ef fect of salt substitution on cardiovascular events and death[J]. N Engl J Med,2021,385(12):1067-1077.
- [8] GenSalt Collaborative Research Group. GenSalt:rationale, design,methods and baseline characteristics of study participants[J]. J Hum Hypertens,2007,21(8):639-646.
- [9] Zhang WL, Zhang SY, Deng Y, et al. Trial of intensive bloodpressure control in older patients with hypertension[J]. N Engl J Med,2021,385(14):1268-1279.
- [10] Zhang S, Wu S, Ren J, et al. Strategy of blood pressure intervention in the elderly hypertensive patients(STEP):Rational, design, and baseline characteristics for the main trial[J].Contemp Clin Trials,2020,89:105913.
- [11] Lewis CE, Fine LJ, Beddhu S, et al. Final report of a trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control[J]. N Engl J Med,2021,384(20):1921-1930.
- [12] Jones NR, McCormack T, Constanti M, et al. Diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults:NICE guideline update2019[J]. Br J Gen Pract,2020,70(691):90-91.
- [13] Trial of intensive blood-pressure control in older patients with hypertension[J]. N Engl J Med,2021,385(27):2588-2591.
- [14] Sun Yx, Mu Jj, Wang Dw,et al. A village doctorl e d multifaceted intervention for blood pressure control in rural China:an open, cluster randomised trial[J]. Lancet,2022,399(10339):1964-1975.
- [15] Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration.Pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure:an individual participant-level data meta-analysis[J]. Lancet(London, England),2021,397(10285):1625-1636.
- [16] Fox KM. E ffi cacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease:randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial(the EUROPA study)[J]. Lancet,2003,362(9386):782-788.
- [17] Braunwald E, Domanski MJ, Fowler SE, et al. Angiotensinconverting-enzyme inhibition in stable coronary artery disease[J]. N Engl J Med,2004,351(20):2058-2068.
- [18] Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, et al. Ef fects of an angiotensinconverting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients[J]. N Engl J Med,2000,342(3):145-153.
- [19] Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J, et al. Telmisartan, ramipril,or both in patients at high risk for vascular events[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,358(15):1547-1559.
- [20] Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Libby P, et al. Effect of antihypertensive agents on cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease and normal blood pressure:the CAMELOT study:a randomized controlled trial[J]. JAMA, 2004, 292(18):2217-2225.
- [21] Tulenko TN, Brown J, Laury-Kleintop L, et al. Atheroprotection with amlodipine:cells to lesions and the PREVENT trial. Prospective Randomized Evaluation of the Vascular Ef fects of Norvasc Trial[J].J Cardiovasc Pharmacol,1999,33 Suppl 2:S17-S22.
- [22] Zanchetti A, Bond MG, Hennig M, et al. Risk factors associated with alterations in carotid intima-media thickness in hypertension:baseline data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis[J]. J Hypertens,1998,16(7):949-961.
- [23] Lonn EM, Bosch J, López-Jaramillo P, et al. Blood-pressure lowering in intermediate-risk persons without cardiovascular disease[J]. N Engl J Med, 2016, 374(21):2009-2020.