动脉导管未闭封堵术后严重血小板减少的危险因素及早期诊断Risk factors and early diagnosis of severe thrombocytopenia complicating transcatheter occlusion of a patent ductus arteriosus
张坡,朱鲜阳,张端珍,王琦光,韩秀敏,盛晓棠,崔春生
摘要(Abstract):
目的探讨动脉导管未闭(PDA)介入封堵术后血小板减少的危险因素和早期诊断。方法纳入2011年2月至2015年5月成功行介入封堵术的PDA患者80例,其中男17例(21.2%),年龄0.6~66.0(17.5±17.1)岁。根据封堵术后血小板计数绝对值分组,血小板计数<100×10~9/L为严重血小板减少组(14例),血小板计数≥100×10~9/L为非严重血小板减少组(66例),收集患者缺损直径、封堵器直径、体表面积(BSA)等资料,分析血小板减少的危险因素。结果严重血小板减少组患者封堵器直径[18.0(14.0,30.0)mm比12.0(6.0,18.0)mm,P<0.001]、缺损直径[10.0(6.0,18.0)mm比4.0(2.0,9.0)mm,P<0.001]、封堵器直径/BSA[21.0(8.9,43.7)mm/m~2比10.7(3.2,32.8)mm/m~2,P<0.001]、封堵前肺动脉收缩压[(99.1±21.4)mm Hg比(45.2±16.3)mm Hg,P<0.001]、封堵后肺动脉收缩压[(51.9±15.8)mm Hg比(38.3±18.6)mm Hg,P<0.05]显著大于非严重血小板减少组,差异均有统计学意义。严重血小板减少患者封堵术后第2天全部血小板减少,其减少相对值为7.0%~86.0%(45.0±23.0)%,绝对值为36.0×10~9/L~191.0×10~9/L[(92.0±66.0)×10~9/L],封堵后第3天13例(92.9%)患者封堵术后血小板绝对值减少至100×10~9/L以下,其减少相对值33.0%~93.0%(66.0±20.0)%,绝对值为16.0×10~9/L~147.0×10~9/L[(61.0±39.0)×10~9/L]。logistic回归分析发现封堵术前血小板计数(OR 1.009,95%CI 1.001~1.018,P<0.05)、封堵器直径(OR 1.257,95%CI 1.069~1.478,P<0.01)为血小板减少的危险因素。结论 PDA封堵术后严重血小板减少的危险因素是封堵术前血小板计数和封堵器直径。对封堵器直径超过14 mm的患者,术后第2天复查血液分析,如较术前降低,术后第3天再次复查血液分析,可及时发现严重血小板降低患者,排除低危患者。
关键词(KeyWords): 血小板减少;动脉导管未闭;介入治疗
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张坡,朱鲜阳,张端珍,王琦光,韩秀敏,盛晓棠,崔春生
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