经导管国产化主动脉人工瓣膜支架“瓣中瓣”置入的实验研究Experimental study of transcatheter aortic valve replacement by “valve-in-valve” fashion with domestic nitinol prosthesis stents
姜海滨,宗刚军,黄新苗,白元,陈翔,赵仙先,秦永文
摘要(Abstract):
目的使用国产镍钛合金自膨式主动脉瓣膜支架行"瓣中瓣"二次置入,验证使用国产化主动脉瓣膜支架行"瓣中瓣"技术的安全性和有效性,初步探讨国产瓣膜支架经导管"瓣中瓣"治疗衰败生物瓣膜的可行性。方法使用国产瓣膜支架系统进行经导管主动脉瓣膜置入手术,将首次置入的瓣膜支架置于主动脉瓣上,瓣膜支架瓣环与实验羊自身瓣环距离大于10mm,实验羊的主动脉瓣因不同程度受压后出现中~大量的反流。当即运用"瓣中瓣"技术经导管在主动脉瓣区原位置入第二枚瓣膜支架,恢复主动脉瓣功能,对存活山羊在术后即刻和3个月行造影及左心导管评估。结果在所有8只实验羊中,6只山羊成功完成"瓣中瓣"置入,术后3个月随访存活良好。1只山羊在二次置入瓣膜支架定位过低,产生大量瓣周漏导致急性左心衰竭死亡;另1只山羊由于首枚瓣膜支架置入位置过高,造成右冠状动脉开口阻塞,在置入第二枚支架过程中发生室颤死亡。存活实验羊术后复查心电图未出现传导阻滞。"瓣中瓣"手术成功的实验羊造影可见首枚瓣膜支架位置不良,二次置入的瓣膜支架套叠于首枚置入支架内,置入位置理想,瓣膜启闭正常,左右冠状动脉均显影,提示冠状动脉口未见堵塞。左心室造影未见瓣膜明显狭窄,主动脉逆行造影未见瓣膜明显反流,可见支架整体随心脏搏动有明显的收缩和舒张。在"瓣中瓣"置入术后即刻和术后3个月后进行左心导管检查,其收缩期主动脉跨瓣压差分别为(23.5±2.5)mmHg和(24.1±2.6)mmHg,与瓣膜支架置入前收缩期主动脉跨瓣压差比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.17和P=0.07)。结论经导管置入国产化主动脉瓣膜支架出现定位不良时,运用"瓣中瓣"技术紧急置入另一瓣膜支架,可有效恢复瓣膜功能;国产化主动脉瓣膜支架也可用于治疗生物瓣膜衰败后的"瓣中瓣"二次置入。
关键词(KeyWords): 主动脉;瓣中瓣;经导管;动物实验
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(NSFC81201491);; 南京军区医学科研创新基金重点课题(12Z04)
作者(Author): 姜海滨,宗刚军,黄新苗,白元,陈翔,赵仙先,秦永文
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