隐匿性右侧房间隔囊袋的造影特征及其对卵圆孔未闭介入治疗的影响The imaging features of concealed cryptic right atrial septal pouch and its impact on interventional closure of patent foramen ovale
张臣,胡海波,马晓海,刘琼,吕建华,潘湘斌
摘要(Abstract):
目的 分析卵圆孔未闭(PFO)合并隐匿性右侧房间隔囊袋(RASP)的造影特征,并探讨其对经皮PFO封堵术的影响。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年4月中国医学科学院阜外医院因PFO相关性疾病接受介入治疗的患者407例(术中均行卵圆窝选择性造影),其中卵圆窝选择性造影证实存在RASP的患者25例(RASP组),同时对应纳入基线特征匹配的不合并RASP的PFO患者25例作为对照组,所有患者均经临床评估符合PFO介入治疗指征。收集并分析入组患者的一般资料、症状、超声心动图表现、右心声学造影结果、RASP的造影特征,观察两组患者介入封堵技术成功率及手术时间、X线透视时间及术中并发症发生情况,并电话随访患者封堵术后3年临床症状改善情况。结果 RASP组患者平均年龄(41.16±13.79)岁,女18例(18/25)。25例RASP组患者中1例采用6 F MPA 2选择性造影显示RASP,其余均采用输送鞘管内芯选择性造影显示RASP。RASP造影形态可分为:(1)菜花型(3例);(2)鱼鳔型(8例);(3)水滴型(9例);(4)不规则型(5例)。按左心房侧出口造影是否显影可分为:左心房出口显影型和不显影型,7例显影型(2例多出口,5例单出口),其余18例不显影型。RASP组共3例患者封堵未成功,其余22例患者均封堵成功,技术成功率为88%(22/25)。25例对照组患者均封堵成功,技术成功率100%。22例封堵成功的RASP组患者平均手术时间[(50.3±8.5)min比(39.7±11.9)min,P=0.001]及X线透视时间[(14.0±6.3)min比(6.1±4.8)min,P<0.001]均明显长于对照组。两组术中均无并发症发生。电话随访患者封堵术后3年临床症状是否改善:RASP组无隐源性脑卒中(CS)、短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)再发作发生,1例偏头痛患者无明显缓解,1例患者术后出现胸闷;对照组无CS/TIA再发作发生,2例偏头痛患者无明显缓解。结论 在PFO封堵过程中隐匿性RASP可以通过卵圆窝选择性造影显示和发现,这些隐匿性RASP解剖结构的存在,增加了经皮PFO封堵术中导丝导管通过PFO的难度,延长了手术时间和X线透视时间。
关键词(KeyWords): 卵圆孔未闭;右侧房间隔囊袋;造影;封堵术
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张臣,胡海波,马晓海,刘琼,吕建华,潘湘斌
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