任川,祖凌云,郭丽君,付志伟,郑乐民,高炜

• 1:北京大学第三医院心内科 卫生部心血管分子生物学与调节肽重点实验室 分子心血管学教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

<正>微粒(MP)是活化或者凋亡的细胞以出芽方式产生的微小囊状双层膜结构,没有细胞核,直径约0.4~1μm。MP的形成机制尚不完全清楚。离体试验提示,细胞激活或者凋亡时细胞膜双层磷脂结构的非对称性受到破坏,使磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)暴露在外层,随即细胞以出芽的方式形成MP。循环中的MP来源于不同的细胞,如红细胞、粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板和内皮细胞(EC),以血小板来源的MP(PMP)为最多,占循环中MP的70%~90%。其他部位也存在MP,比如动脉粥样硬化斑块,其形成的MP主要集中在斑块局部,不进入循环系统。研究发现MP

关键词(KeyWords)： 微粒;动脉粥样硬化

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(81300076);; 北京市自然科学基金(7132195)

作者(Author): 任川,祖凌云,郭丽君,付志伟,郑乐民,高炜

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Lovren F,Verma S.Evolving role of microparticles in the·190·中国介入心脏病学杂志2014年3月第22卷第3期Chin J Intervent Cardiol,March 2014,Vol 22,No.3pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction.Clin Chem,2013,59:1166-1174.
• [2]Densmore JC,Signorino PR,Ou J,et al.Endothelium-derived microparticles induce endothelial dysfunction and acute lung injury.Shock,2006,26:464-471.
• [3]Petez-Casal M,Downcy C,Fukudome K,et al.Microparticleassociated endothelial protein C receptor and the induction of cytoprotective and anti-infl ammatory effects.Haematological,2009,94:387-394.
• [4]Combes V,Simon AC,Grau GE,et al.In vitro generation of endothelial microparticles and possible prothrombotic activity in patients with lupus anticoagulant.J Clin Invest,1999,104:93-102.
• [5]Dignat-George F,Boulanger CM.The many faces of endothelial microparticles.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2011,31:27-33.
• [6]Kumar P,Shen Q,Pivetti CD,et al.Molecular mechanisms of endothelial hyperpermeability:implications in infl ammation.Expert Rev Mol Med,2009,11:e19.
• [7]Thom SR,Yang M,Bhopale VM,et al.Microparticles initiate decompression-induced neutrophil activation and subsequent vascular injuries.J Appl Physiol,2011,110:340-351.
• [8]Tual-Chalot S,CaqnadouxF,Trzepizur W,et al.Circulating microparticles from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients induce endothelin-mediated angiogenesis.Biochim Biophys Acta,2014,1842:202-207.
• [9]Yuqi Fan,Liansheng Wang,Yuanmin Li,et al.Quantification of Endothelial Microparticles on Modifi ed Cytometric Bead Assay and Prognosis in Chest Pain Patients.Circ J,2013,78:206-214.
• [10]Preston RA,Jy W,Jimenez JJ,et al.Effects of severe hypertension on endothelial and platelet microparticles.Hypertension,2003,41:211-217.
• [11]Nomura S,Kanazawa S,Fukuhara S.Effects of efonidipine onplatelet and monocyte activation markers in hypertensive patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.J Hum Hypertens,2002,16:539-547.
• [12]Pirro M,Schillaci G,Paltriccia R,et al.Increased Ratio of CD31/CD42 Microparticles to Endothelial Progenitors as a Novel Marker of Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemia.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2006,26:2530-2535.
• [13]Rautou PE,Leroyer AS,Ramkhelawon B,et al.Microparticles from human atheroslerotic plaques promote endothelial ICAM-1-dependent monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration.Circ Res,2011,108:335-343.
• [14]Huber LC,Jüngel A,Distler JH,et al.The role of membrane lipids in the induction of macrophage apoptosis by microparticles.Apoptosis,2007,12:363-374.
• [15]B?ing AN,Hau CM,Sturk A,et al.Platelet microparticlescontain active caspase 3.Platelets,2008,19:96-103.
• [16]Carpintero R,Gruaz L,Brandt KJ,et al.HDL interfere with the binding of T cell microparticles to human monocytes to inhibit proinfl ammatory cytokine production.PLoS One,2010,5:e11869.
• [17]Chironi G,Simon A,Hugel B,et al.Circulating leukocytederived microparticles predict sub-clinical atherosclerosis burden in asymptomatic subjects.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2006,26:2775-2780.
• [18]Pirro M,Schillaci G,Bagaglia F,et al.Microparticles derived from endothelial progenitor cells in patients at different cardiovascular risk.Atherosclerosis,2008,197:757-767.
• [19]Brill A,Dashevsky O,Rivo J,et al.Platelet-de-rived microparticles induce angiogenesis and stimulate post-ischemic revascularization.Cardiovasc Res,2005,67:30-38.
• [20]Lacroix R,Sabatier V,Mialhe A,et al.Activation of plasminogen into plasmin at the surface of endothelial microparticle:a mechanism that modulates angiogenic properties of endothelial progenitor cells in vitro.Blood,2007,110:2432-2439.
• [21]Taraboletti G,D`Ascenzo S,Borsotti P,et al.Shedding of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2,MMP-9,and MT1-MMP as membrance cesicle-associated components by endothilialcells.Am J Pathol,2002,160:673-680.
• [22]Leroyer AS,Isobe H,Leseche G,et al.Cellular origins and thrombogenic activity of microparticles isolated from human atherosclerotic plaques.J Am Coll Cardiol,2007,49:772-777.
• [23]Suades R,PadróT,Alonso R,et al.Circulating CD45+/CD3+lymphocyte-derived microparticles map lipid-rich atherosclerotic plaques in familial hypercholesterolaemia patients.Thromb Haemost,2014,111:111-121.
• [24]Werner N,Wassmann S,Ahlers P,et al.Circu-lating CD31+/annexin V+apoptotic microparticles correlate with coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2006,26:112-116.
• [25]Shehata M,Abd D,Shanawani F.Cadherin 5 and Annexin V as Circulating Endothelial Microparticl es:Markers for Atherosclerotic Vascular Lesions in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure.Kidney,2010,19:307-315.
• [26]Lee ST,Chu K,Jung KH,et al.Circulating CD62E+Microparticles and Cardiovascular Outcomes.PLoS One,2012,7:e35713.
• [27]Ueba T,Nomura S,Inami N,et al.Plasma levels of platelet-derived microparticles is associated with coronary heart disease risk score in healthy men.J Atheroscler Thromb,2010,17:342-349.
• [28]Nozaki T,Sugiyama S,Koga H,et al.Significance of a multiple biomarkers strategy including endothelial dysfunction to improve risk stratifi cation for cardiovascular events in patients at high risk for coronary heart disease.J Am Coll Cardiol,2009,54:601-608.
• [29]Aliotta JM,Peterira M,Johnson KW,et al.Microvesicle entry marrow cells mediates tissue-specific changes in mRNA by direct delivery of mRNA and indution of transcription.Exp Hematol,2010,38:233-245.
• [30]Nomura S,Inami N,Kimura Y,et al.Effect of nifedipine on adiponectin in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.J Hum Hypertens,2007,21:38-44.