单支冠状动脉在先天性心脏病中的分布和意义
王荣发,刘敏桢,陈树宝,周爱卿,朱铭
摘要(Abstract):
上海第二医科大学附属新华医院儿科从1985年4月~1992年10月在2538例先心病造影检查中,发现冠状动脉起源和分布异常35例,其中单支冠状动脉15例,占冠状动脉畸形的43%.15例单支冠状动脉,左单支冠状动脉12例,右单支冠状动脉3例.12例左单支冠状动脉,右冠状动脉起自左前降支5例均从右室流出道前方横越;起自左冠状动脉4例,有1例从右室流出道前方横越;起自左回旋支2例;1例右冠状动脉缺如.3例单支右冠状动脉,左冠状动脉起自古冠状动脉从动脉干前方走向的2例均从右室流出道前方横越.从动脉干后方走向的1例,未横越右室流出道.单支冠状动脉多见于复杂的青紫型心脏病中,以四联症多见.本组15例单支冠状动脉四联症占9例,其中左单支冠状动脉有7例,在整个15例单支冠状动脉中,也以左单支冠状动脉占多数,达12例.单支冠状动脉虽不多见,但其相当大一部份对外科手术有影响,在作右室流出道切口行心脏外科根治术前,了解有异常走向的冠状动脉从右室流出道前方横越,就可采取有效措施,避免损伤这些异常走向的冠状动脉.冠状动脉起源和分布异常的诊断主要依赖心血管造影.投照角度从长轴斜位、左侧位和正位的选择性左室和升主动脉根部造影能清楚显示冠状动脉的解剖.
关键词(KeyWords): 单支冠状动脉;先天性心脏病;右室流出道
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 王荣发,刘敏桢,陈树宝,周爱卿,朱铭
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