自发性冠状动脉夹层的临床特点及腔内影像分析Clinical characteristics and intracavitary imaging analysis of spontaneous coronary artery dissection
孟晓雪,邢尔坤,朱友琦,药素毓
摘要(Abstract):
目的 探讨自发性冠状动脉夹层(SCAD)的临床表现,夹层不同分型在腔内影像中的表现及治疗策略选择。方法 纳入2021年8月至2022年8月以急性冠状动脉综合征收住于兰州大学第一医院心内科,经冠状动脉造影联合腔内影像检查[血管内超声(IVUS)或光学相干断层成像(OCT)]明确诊断SCAD的患者20例,收集相关临床资料,术后1~6个月通过门诊及电话随访,术后6个月复查冠状动脉造影联合腔内影像检查(IVUS或OCT),观察夹层及血肿吸收情况,有无新发病变出现及病变延展。结果 SCADⅠ型5例(5/20),SCADⅡ型9例(9/20),SCADⅢ型4例(4/20),SCADⅣ型2例(2/20)。药物保护治疗13例(13/20,SCADⅡ型、Ⅲ型),行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)7例(7/20,SCADⅠ型、Ⅳ型)。血肿入口和出口均出现明显夹层,血肿内可见斑块破裂,或有机化血栓形成,或SCADⅠ型、Ⅳ型,多采用PCI;血肿入口无夹层,血肿出口也无夹层的病变,管腔内未见斑块,血肿内部呈低回声,可采用药物保守治疗。患者平均随访6个月,药物保守治疗患者中再发急性心肌梗死1例(1/20)。结论 SCAD通过腔内影像评估后确定夹层性质,选择适合的治疗策略,可以提高患者整体预后。
关键词(KeyWords): 冠状动脉夹层;急性冠状动脉综合征;血管内超声;光学相干断层成像;经皮冠状动脉介入治疗
基金项目(Foundation): 甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA702);; 兰州大学第一医院2021年院内基金项目(ZX-62000002-2021-164)
作者(Author): 孟晓雪,邢尔坤,朱友琦,药素毓
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