血栓抽吸治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死前后神经内分泌因子水平的变化Neuroendocrine changes in patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction receiving thrombus aspiration
杨延民,王旭,邵一兵,崔维刚,吴茂源,高华安
摘要(Abstract)：
目的探讨应用血栓抽吸装置GuardWire PlusTM行血栓抽吸治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)对神经内分泌因子水平、外周血肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、TIMI血流变化的影响及其临床价值。方法将2004年9月至2006年9月在我院行急诊PCI的72例STEMI患者分为两组,抽吸组(TA组,38例)血栓抽吸后支架置入;非抽吸组(NTA组,34例)单纯PCI。于手术当天、术后第1、2、3、5天分别测定外周血中内皮素(ET)、血浆肾素活性(PRA)、醛固酮(ALD)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)的水平。于术前、术后4h、8h、12h、16h、24h、2d、3d、5d分别测定外周血中cTnI的水平。支架置入后常规行冠状动脉造影,观察心肌血流灌注情况,测定支架置入后两组患者的TIMI血流。比较术后2h心电图ST段回落。术后1周及3个月应用彩色超声心动图测定左室射血分数(LVEF),评价心功能。结果两组病例均成功置入支架,术前两组患者的神经内分泌因子水平均显著升高,两组间差异无统计学意义。浓度-时间曲线显示术后神经内分泌因子水平均迅速下降,TA组较NTA组ET、PRA、AngⅡ、ALD、NE、E等神经内分泌因子水平于术后第1天或第2天下降明显[ET:术前152.37ng/L比153.63ng/L(P=0.858),术后第1天128.11ng/L比147.07ng/L(P=0.037),术后第2天122.22ng/L比139.64ng/L(P=0.040);PRA:术前2.87μL/(L.h)比2.87μL/(L.h)(P=0.998),术后第1天1.74μL/(L.h)比2.54μL/(L.h)(P=0.036),术后第2天1.70μL/(L.h)比2.29μL/(L.h)(P=0.032);ALD:术前200.14pmol/L比181.19pmol/L(P=0.508),术第1天156.06pmol/L比172.19pmol/L(P=0.001);AngⅡ:术前199.11ng/L比212.32ng/L(P=0.539),术后第1天149.26ng/L比188.37ng/L(P=0.040),术后第2天135.57ng/L比172.25ng/L(P=0.049);NE:术前3338.50pmol/L比2891.46pmol/L(P=0.310),术后第1天2440.62pmol/L比2803.29pmol/L(P=0.041);E术前622.27pmol/L比559.90pmol/L(P=0.368),术后第1天536.08pmol/L比586.89pmol/L(P=0.018)];术后第3天与第5天两组各神经内分泌因子水平已接近正常,组间差异无统计学意义。术前两组间cTnI水平差异无统计学意义,术后TA组的cTnI下降较NTA组快,酶峰TA组较NTA组提前,但是差异无统计学意义。神经内分泌因子水平与cTnI变化呈正相关。支架置入后常规冠状动脉造影显示两组患者的心肌灌注良好,TIMI血流均达到2级或3级,两组间差异无统计学意义。以术后2小时ST段回落幅度≥50%为标准,两组间差异无统计学意义。术后1周两组间左心功能差异无统计学意义;术后3个月两组的左心功能差别明显,TA组的LVEF明显高于NTA组(57.9%±2.3%比54.2%±3.0%,P=0.002)。结论血栓抽吸治疗急性STEMI较单纯PCI能够明显降低已升高的神经内分泌因子的浓度,使cTnI的酶峰提前、减轻对心肌的损害,心肌血流灌注改善,对心功能可能有潜在的保护作用。
关键词(KeyWords)： 心肌梗死;内皮缩血管肽类;肾素;醛固酮;血管紧张素;去甲肾上腺素;肾上腺素;肌钙蛋白I;血栓抽吸
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 杨延民,王旭,邵一兵,崔维刚,吴茂源,高华安
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