王辉,刘震宇,张抒扬,沈珠军,范中杰,曾勇,谢洪智,王崇慧,金晓峰,方全

• 1:中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院心内科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的研究近12年来接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者近期预后的变化趋势。方法收集北京协和医院自2003年4月至2015年3月行直接PCI的全部STEMI患者资料,根据STEMI的发病时间将患者分为第一组(2003年4月至2007年3月,362例)、第二组(2007年4月至2011年3月,424例)和第三组(2011年4月至2015年3月,417例),分析心血管疾病危险因素、药物和PCI情况以及30 d预后的变化趋势。结果入选1203例行直接PCI的STEMI患者,平均年龄(62.2±12.6)岁,男954例(79.3%)。三组吸烟患者比例分别是62.4%、60.8%、54.0%,有显著降低趋势(P=0.015)。三组患者β阻滞药的使用率分别为90.9%、89.9%、85.9%,有显著降低趋势(P=0.024);血管紧张素转化酶抑制药/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗药的使用率分别为87.8%、86.3%、70.3%,有显著降低趋势(P<0.001);血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗药使用率分别为10.8%、51.7%、60.0%,有显著上升趋势(P<0.001),但阿司匹林、P2Y12抑制剂及他汀类的使用率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。PCI成功率分别为89.0%、92.0%、98.3%,有显著升高趋势(P<0.001)。症状-球囊扩张时间分别为270(180,480)min、270(180,450)min、360(240,540)min,有显著延长趋势(P<0.001);症状-入门时间分别为150(90,330)min、150(90,287)min、180(114,360)min,有显著延长趋势(P=0.010),但入门-球囊扩张时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.379)。在30 d预后方面,全因死亡率分别为9.1%、3.8%、2.9%;心源性死亡率分别为6.9%、2.8%、2.2%;再发心肌梗死率分别为2.5%、1.2%、0.2%;心力衰竭发生率分别为18.2%、14.2%、11.3%,均有显著降低趋势(均P<0.05)。校正相关基线因素后,30 d全因死亡率仍有下降趋势[相对风险(relative risk,RR)0.541,95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)0.382~0.765,P=0.001]。与第一组相比,第二组(RR 0.397,95%CI 0.214~0.739,P=0.004)和第三组(RR 0.328,95%CI 0.167~0.676,P=0.001)的30 d死亡风险均降低。结论在12年间,行直接PCI的STEMI患者的30 d总死亡率有持续下降趋势。

关键词(KeyWords)： 心肌梗死;经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;趋势;预后

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 王辉,刘震宇,张抒扬,沈珠军,范中杰,曾勇,谢洪智,王崇慧,金晓峰,方全

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