包针,木胡牙提,刘志强,杨玉春,何鹏义,张雷

• 1:新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心

摘要(Abstract)：

目的探讨女性生育次数及教育程度与冠心病、冠状动脉病变支数的相关性。方法采用回顾性病例对照研究,纳入2017年1月至6月就诊于新疆医科大学第一附属医院,初次行冠状动脉造影检查的女性563例,平均年龄(61.97±9.18)岁。分析患者一般资料、生育次数及受教育程度的差异性,并通过logistic多因素分析观察上述因素与女性冠心病及冠状动脉病变支数是否相关。结果根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组(360例)和正常组(203例),冠心病组患者年龄,高血压病、糖尿病、绝经比例,生育次数、文化程度构成比,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及收缩压均显著大于正常组,而左心室射血分数、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著低于正常组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。根据冠状动脉支数分为单支病变组(159例)、双支病变组(73例)和左主干/三支病变组(128例),三组患者年龄,高血压病、糖尿病、绝经比例,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平、左心室射血分数,文化程度、生育次数构成比比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。以生育次数进行分组,分为≤1次组(131例)、2次组(165例)、3次组(109例)及≥4次组(158例),四组患者体重指数、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和高血压病、糖尿病、冠心病比例比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。二分类logistic多因素分析显示,年龄每增加1岁,冠心病发生的危险性增加4.1%(OR 1.041, 95%CI 1.014～1.070,P=0.003),高血压病患者患冠心病风险增加2.170倍(OR 2.170,95%CI 1.465～3.215,P<0.001),糖尿病患者增加2.672倍(OR 2.672,95%CI 1.573～4.539,P<0.001),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇每增加1 mmol/L,冠心病风险增加69.5%(OR 1.695, 95%CI 1.310～2.193,P<0.001);而文化程度及生育次数与冠心病的发病无相关性。有序logistic多因素分析显示,糖尿病(OR 2.171,95%CI 1.542～3.056,P=0.001)与冠状动脉病变支数呈正相关,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR 0.313,95%CI 0.148～0.663,P=0.002)是冠状动脉病变支数的保护因素;大学文化程度的患者相比于文盲患者,冠状动脉病变支数至少低一个等级的可能性,为0.367倍(OR 0.367,95%CI 0.140～0.961,P=0.041);生育次数与女性冠心病的发病无直接关系。结论生育次数与女性冠心病发病无直接相关性,受教育程度与冠心病冠状动脉病变支数呈负相关性。

关键词(KeyWords)： 冠心病;女性;生育;教育程度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(81560062)

作者(Author): 包针,木胡牙提,刘志强,杨玉春,何鹏义,张雷

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