早发冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉病变特点的研究Study on the clinical and coronary features of patients with premature coronary heart disease
于扬,李建平,霍勇
摘要(Abstract)：
目的总结早发冠心病患者的临床特点,探讨其冠状动脉病变的特点及早发冠心病的危险因素。方法415例经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的患者,按年龄分为早发组180例(男性≤55岁,女性≤65岁)和晚发组235例,对两组患者的临床特点及冠状动脉病变特点进行统计学比较,并应用多因素分析筛选早发冠心病的危险因素。结果早发冠心病组女性患者比例(35.6%比22.1%,P=0.003)、血脂代谢紊乱比例(74.4%比55.7%,P<0.001)、陈旧心肌梗死比例(21.1%比13.2%,P=0.032)及冠心病家族史的比例(57.8%比41.3%,P=0.001)均显著高于晚发组。与晚发组相比,早发组患者舒张压水平(73±9.0mmHg比70±7.0mmHg,P<0.001)、三酰甘油(1.99±1.34mmol/L比1.51±0.84mmol/L,P<0.001)及血清总胆固醇水平(4.65±0.91mmol/L比4.33±0.91mmol/L,P=0.001)均显著升高。冠状动脉造影结果显示,两组患者在单支、多支血管病变所占比例,累及分支血管比例及病变长度等方面差异均无统计学意义。多因素分析结果显示:女性、高三酰甘油血症、陈旧心肌梗死史、冠心病家族史是早发冠心病的危险因素。结论早发冠心病患者冠状动脉病变并不轻于晚发患者,对于早发冠心病患者亦应加强危险因素的综合防治,同时应加强对女性早发冠心病患者的重视。
关键词(KeyWords)： 冠状动脉疾病;危险因素;冠状血管造影术
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 于扬,李建平,霍勇
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