苗琨,蒋建刚,严江涛,徐昶,肖志超,丁虎,徐西振,李晟,张敬群,邱旭光,周强,郭小梅,曾和松

• 1:华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院心血管内科

摘要(Abstract)：

目的分析和评价主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)在急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者治疗中的应用效果和预后。方法纳入2013年12月至2018年12月华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院连续收治的101例使用IABP及其他生命辅助设备的急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者的临床资料,1个月、6个月和12个月随访结果。以患者12个月生存率为主要终点事件,对影响死亡事件的因素进行单因素分析,发现有统计学差异的危险因子。再通过Cox回归分析主要终点事件的独立预测因子。结果Cox回归分析显示,年龄(HR 1.050,95%CI 1.006～1.095,P=0.026)、罪犯血管是否累及左冠状动脉(HR 0.740,95%CI 1.662～8.282,P=0.001)、发病到IABP置入时间是否≤12 h(HR 3.003,95%CI1.257～7.173,P=0.013)、术后血流级别(HR 1.070,95%CI 0.595～1.925,P=0.022)、心率(HR 1.027,95%CI 1.013～1.041,P<0.001)和左心室射血分数(HR 0.931,95%CI 0.904～0.960,P<0.001)是术后1年主要终点事件的相关因子。将各相关因子再次进行分组分析,根据罪犯血管是否累及左冠状动脉进行统计分析并生成生存曲线结果显示:罪犯血管累及左冠状动脉的急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者死亡率更高(P=0.001)。将患者根据发病到IABP置入时间(≤12 h组,12～24 h组,24～48 h组,>48 h组)进行统计分析并生成生存曲线,结果显示:从发病到IABP置入时间≤12 h患者较其他三组死亡率明显降低(P=0.019)。发病到IABP置入时间越长其死亡率越高,但12～24 h组与24～48 h组,24～48 h组与>48 h组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.642,P=0.589)。提示若患者能在12 h内进行介入治疗并置入IABP可明显降低患者死亡率。根据患者心脏超声心动图左心室射血分数绘制ROC曲线,了解左心室射血分数对此类患者死亡事件预测的最佳诊断界限值。曲线下面积为0.666,且有统计学意义(P=0.007)。根据各组敏感度和特异度计算出约登指数,左心室射血分数预测急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者全因死亡事件的最佳界值为25.5%,即左心室射血分数<25.5%时此类患者更容易出现全因死亡事件。结论急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者使用IABP为主的生命辅助装置其12个月预后不佳,全因死亡事件主要发生在术后1个月内。尽早进行血运重建和及时IABP的干预(≤12 h)可以降低患者死亡率,而对于高龄、罪犯血管累及左冠状动脉、左心室射血分数<25.5%、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后血流级别较低的患者更容易出现全因死亡事件。

关键词(KeyWords)： 急性心肌梗死;心原性休克;主动脉内球囊反搏

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 苗琨,蒋建刚,严江涛,徐昶,肖志超,丁虎,徐西振,李晟,张敬群,邱旭光,周强,郭小梅,曾和松

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