血管内超声指导单支架术式处理左主干分叉病变1年随访结果分析Analysis of 1-year follow-up results of intravascular ultrasound-guided single-stent crossover technique for left main bifurcation disease
罗永百,黄欣,钟钟,冯家豪,李晶瑾,张勇,郭宁
摘要(Abstract):
目的评估血管内超声(IVUS)指导单支架术式处理左主干分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法入选2015年1月至2017年12月西安交通大学第一附属医院54例经冠状动脉造影检查证实为左主干末端真性分叉病变患者,经IVUS评估后左回旋支开口管腔面积≥3.7 mm~2或斑块负荷≤56.0%时,采用单支架术式处理,观察术后即刻边支血流及1年时主要不良心血管事件发生率。若患者不满足上述条件,则采用双支架技术或者冠状动脉旁路移植术进行血运重建。结果冠状动脉造影定量分析(QCA)显示,54例患者平均左主干直径狭窄(58.2±15.1)%,左前降支开口直径狭窄(79.0±11.1)%,回旋支开口直径狭窄(47.2±11.2)%。IVUS检查提示,术前回旋支开口负性重构指数为(0.9±0.2),有45例(83.3%)发生负性重构。术后左主干最小管腔直径[(3.7±1.1)mm比(2.8±1.1)mm,P=0.032]、管腔面积[(10.1±1.6)mm~2比(5.0±1.1)mm~2,P=0.011],术后前降支开口最小管腔直径[(3.1±1.2)mm比(2.5±1.9)mm,P=0.041]、管腔面积[(7.9±1.4)mm~2比(3.2±1.3)mm~2,P=0.026],左回旋支开口斑块负荷[(50.7±10.6)%比(45.6±10.0)%,P=0.043]、外弹力膜偏心指数[(1.47±0.06)%比(1.24±0.08)%,P=0.018]均显著大于术前数值,而左回旋支开口管腔面积[(3.5±1.1)mm2比(4.0±1.1)mm~2,P=0.026]小于术前数值,差异均有统计学意义。54例患者均完成左前降支到左主干单支架术式治疗,术后即刻边支血流减慢4例(7.4%),其中1例(1.9%)出现分支闭塞。随访1年时因再发心绞痛再住院5例,其中2例由于左前降支支架内再狭窄而行血运重建,1例因左回旋支中段原有病变加重行血运重建。结论 IVUS指导下对特定的左主干末端真性分叉病变行单支架处理可能是安全、可行的。
关键词(KeyWords): 左主干;分叉病变;血管内超声;单支架术式
基金项目(Foundation): 西安交通大学第一附属医院临床研究基金(XJTU1AF-CRF-2016-001)
作者(Author): 罗永百,黄欣,钟钟,冯家豪,李晶瑾,张勇,郭宁
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